Write the formula for calculation of marginal product of labor ( MP L ) and average product of labor ( AP L ).

The Marginal Product of Labor ($M{P}_L$) and Average Product of Labor ($A{P}_L$) are calculated as follows:

1. Marginal Product of Labor ($M{P}_L$) measures the additional output produced by employing one more unit of labor, holding other inputs constant. Its formula is:

   $$M{P}_L=\frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta L}$$ where:

   • $\Delta Q$ = Change in total output (quantity produced)
   • $\Delta L$ = Change in labor units (workers)

2. Average Product of Labor ($A{P}_L$) measures the output per unit of labor employed. Its formula is:

   $$A{P}_L=\frac{Q}{L}$$ where:

   • $Q$ = Total output (quantity produced)
   • $L$ = Total labor units (workers) employed

Both metrics are crucial for analyzing labor productivity and optimizing resource allocation in production.