a) What is the difference between conductors and insulators? [2] b) Write any two uses of copper. [2] c) What is the chemical symbol of copper? [1]

a) Difference between Conductors and Insulators

Conductors and insulators are two types of materials that behave differently when it comes to the flow of electric current.

Conductors:

• Definition: Materials that allow electric current to pass through them easily.
• Examples: Metals like copper, aluminum, iron, and mercury.
• Electrons: They have free electrons that move easily, allowing the flow of electric current.
• Uses: Used in making wires, circuits, and electrical appliances.

Insulators:

• Definition: Materials that do not allow electric current to pass through them easily.
• Examples: Rubber, glass, plastic, wood, and air.
• Electrons: They have tightly bound electrons that do not move easily, preventing the flow of electric current.
• Uses: Used as protective coatings, insulators in wires, and in non-conductive parts of appliances.

b) Two Uses of Copper

1. Electrical Wiring: Copper is widely used in electrical wiring due to its excellent conductivity. It allows electric current to flow with minimal resistance, making it ideal for household and industrial wiring.
2. Heat Exchangers: Copper is used in heat exchangers, such as those found in refrigerators and air conditioners, because it efficiently transfers heat.

c) Chemical Symbol of Copper

The chemical symbol of copper is Cu. This symbol is derived from the Latin name for copper, cuprum.