a) Write a letter to your friend inviting him/her to your birthday party. [3] b) Write a short paragraph on the causes of water pollution. [2]

Sender's address & dateKathmanduDate: 2070-03-15

SalutationDear Sita

GreetingI hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits.

Body

I am writing to invite you to my birthday celebration, which will be held on **April 5, 2070**, at my home located in **Lalitpur**. The party will start at **4:00 PM** and will include a variety of fun activities, delicious food, and, of course, cake cutting. Your presence would make the day even more special for me.

I have planned a small gathering with close friends, so I would be delighted if you could join us. We will have games, music, and some surprises as well. Please let me know if you can make it by **April 1, 2070**, so I can make arrangements accordingly. If you have any dietary restrictions or preferences, feel free to inform me in advance.

Looking forward to celebrating this joyous occasion with you. Let’s make it a memorable day together!

Closing & signatureYour loving friendRama

b) Causes of Water Pollution

Water pollution is a serious environmental issue caused by various human activities and natural factors. One of the primary causes is industrial waste discharge, where factories release harmful chemicals, heavy metals, and toxic substances into rivers and lakes without proper treatment. These pollutants make water unsafe for drinking and harm aquatic life.

Another major cause is domestic sewage, where untreated wastewater from households is dumped into water bodies. This sewage contains bacteria, viruses, and nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, leading to eutrophication—a process where excessive nutrients cause algal blooms that deplete oxygen in water, killing fish and other marine organisms.

Agricultural runoff is also a significant contributor. Pesticides, fertilizers, and animal waste from farms wash into rivers and groundwater, contaminating water sources. Additionally, plastic waste and oil spills from vehicles and industries further degrade water quality, making it unfit for consumption and disrupting ecosystems.

Finally, mining activities release harmful minerals and sediments into water bodies, while urban runoff from roads and construction sites carries pollutants like heavy metals and debris into natural water sources. Addressing these causes requires stricter regulations, proper waste management, and public awareness to protect our precious water resources.