a) Write a short paragraph on the causes of poverty. [2] b) Write a letter to your father requesting him to send you some money. [3]

Sender's address & dateBaneswor, KathmanduDate: 2070/10/15

SalutationDear Father,

Body

I hope this letter finds you in good health and happiness. I am writing to inform you about my current situation and to request your help. As you know, I am studying in Class 11 at St. Xavier’s College, and the expenses here are quite high. The tuition fees, books, and other necessary stationery items have already been paid, but I am running short of money for my daily needs.

The hostel charges are also increasing, and I need to buy some essential clothes and shoes as the weather is changing. Moreover, I have to pay for my examination fees and other miscellaneous expenses. I have tried to manage with the little money I have, but it is not enough. Therefore, I kindly request you to send me some money through bank transfer or any other convenient way. Please send me at l

I promise to use the money wisely and will keep you updated about my studies and progress. I am doing well in my studies and hope to make you proud. Please do not worry about me; I am taking good care of myself. I eagerly await your reply and the money. Thank you for your understanding and support.

Closing & signatureYour loving son/daughter,Ramesh Adhikari

a) Causes of Poverty

Poverty is a complex issue that arises from a combination of economic, social, and political factors. One of the primary causes is unemployment and underemployment, where people lack access to stable, well-paying jobs or are forced into low-wage work. In many developing countries like Nepal, lack of education and skill development further limits opportunities, trapping people in cycles of poverty. High population growth also strains resources, reducing per capita income and increasing competition for limited opportunities.

Additionally, inequality in wealth distribution exacerbates poverty, as a small elite controls most resources while the majority struggle to meet basic needs. Natural disasters and climate change destroy livelihoods, especially in agrarian societies where farming is the primary source of income. Poor governance and corruption divert funds meant for development into private pockets, leaving essential services like healthcare and education underfunded. Finally, global economic pressures, such as trade policies that favor developed nations, can cripple local industries, pushing more people into poverty. Addressing these root causes requires systemic changes in education, employment, governance, and economic policies.