a) Write a short paragraph on the causes of unemployment. [2] b) Write a letter to your friend inviting him/her to spend the weekend at your place. [3]

a) Causes of Unemployment

Unemployment is a serious economic and social issue that affects individuals, families, and entire nations. One of the primary causes of unemployment is population growth. Nepal’s rapidly increasing population creates a mismatch between the number of job seekers and available opportunities, especially in rural areas where agricultural jobs are limited. Another major factor is lack of industrialization and economic diversification. Nepal’s economy remains heavily reliant on agriculture, which provides seasonal and low-paying jobs. The absence of sufficient industries, factories, and modern businesses leaves many young people without stable employment.

Educational mismatches also contribute significantly. While many students graduate with degrees in fields like engineering, medicine, or management, there is a shortage of skilled labor in these areas due to poor training and outdated curricula. Meanwhile, sectors like tourism, IT, and agriculture suffer from a lack of qualified workers. Poor infrastructure and connectivity further hinder job creation, particularly in remote regions where businesses struggle to operate efficiently. Additionally, political instability and policy inconsistencies discourage foreign investment and local entrepreneurship, reducing job opportunities.

Lastly, gender discrimination and social biases prevent many women from accessing employment, even when they are qualified. Without addressing these structural issues, unemployment will continue to rise, deepening poverty and social inequality.

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b) Letter to a Friend Inviting for the Weekend

Sender's address & datePokhara, NepalDate: 2070/11/15

SalutationDear Sushil

GreetingI hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits.

Body

I am writing to invite you to spend the upcoming weekend at my place in Pokhara. As you know, the weather here is perfect this season—cool mornings, pleasant afternoons, and stunning views of the Annapurna range. I would love for you to experience the beauty of our city and enjoy some quality time together.

We can plan a trip to the World Peace Pagoda for a breathtaking sunrise, followed by a visit to the Lakeside to relax by the water. If you’re up for adventure, we could also hike to the nearby Davis Falls or explore the local markets for some delicious street food. My family has already prepared to host you, and we’d be honored to have you as our guest.

Please let me know if you can make it. I’ve arranged for a room at my house, and we can discuss the exact plans once you confirm. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to unwind and create some wonderful memories. Looking forward to your reply!

Closing & signatureYour sincere friend,Ramesh Adhikari