Clarify the role of Shree 3 Maharaj in second world war. OR Write about Indian National Movement.

Role of Shree 3 Maharaj (King Tribhuvan) in the Second World War

King Tribhuvan (Shree 3 Maharaj) played a crucial but indirect role in the Second World War (1939–1945) by providing political asylum and support to Indian freedom fighters, particularly the Indian National Army (INA) led by Subhas Chandra Bose. His actions had long-term consequences for Nepal’s political future.

1. Refuge for Indian National Army (INA) Leaders

• During the war, the British Indian government (under Viceroy Linlithgow) suppressed Indian nationalist movements, including the INA, which fought alongside Axis powers (Japan) to liberate India.
• In 1943, after the INA’s defeat at Imphal (1944), its leaders—including Subhas Chandra Bose, Mohan Singh, and Prem Sahgal—fled to Nepal (then under Rana autocracy).
• King Tribhuvan, who was exiled in India (1940–1945) due to British pressure, secretly supported these leaders by allowing them to stay in Nepal’s territory, particularly in Pokhara and Kathmandu.
• The Rana regime, which was pro-British, initially resisted but was overruled by Tribhuvan, who saw an opportunity to weaken the Ranas and strengthen his own position.

2. Political Manipulation and Post-War Impact

• Tribhuvan’s support for the INA was strategic:
  • He used the INA’s presence to gain international sympathy for Nepal’s struggle against the Rana autocracy.
  • The INA’s defeat in 1945 (after Japan’s surrender) weakened the Ranas’ legitimacy, as they had failed to protect Nepal from foreign influence.
• After the war, Tribhuvan returned to Nepal (1945) and accelerated efforts to end Rana rule, leading to the 1950–51 Democracy Movement.
• His role in aiding the INA is often overlooked but was a key factor in Nepal’s transition from absolute monarchy to constitutional democracy.

3. Broader Historical Significance

• The war exposed the Ranas’ weakness and strengthened Tribhuvan’s position as a nationalist leader.
• The INA’s connection to Nepal symbolized anti-colonial resistance, aligning Nepal with post-war decolonization movements.
• Tribhuvan’s actions laid the groundwork for Nepal’s first democratic constitution (1951), ending over a century of Rana dominance.

In summary, while King Tribhuvan did not directly participate in the war, his support for the INA and post-war political maneuvering were pivotal in shaping Nepal’s modern democratic trajectory. His role remains a lesser-known but significant aspect of Nepal’s engagement with global anti-colonial struggles.