Do as instructed in the brackets and rewrite the complete sentences. [10] a) The smart students can complete their work creatively. (Underline adverb in the sentence.) b) One of the students in the…

a) The smart students can complete their work creatively.

b) One of the students in the class was working very well nowadays.

c) She always goes to school on foot.

d) She might have finished the book that I provided. She was looking for another book in the library.

e) By coming Bhadra, we will get our exam result.

f) Despite her hard work, she couldn't get success.

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i) Experts estimate that 1.35 billion people speak English in the world.

Passive Voice: It is estimated by experts that 1.35 billion people speak English in the world.

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j) My sister said to me, "Did you pay attention at that time?"

Indirect Speech: My sister asked me if I had paid attention at that time.

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Explanation of Answers:

a) Underlining the Adverb

• Sentence: The smart students can complete their work creatively.
• Explanation: The word "creatively" describes how the students complete their work, modifying the verb "complete." Adverbs typically answer questions like how, when, where, or to what extent.

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b) Correct Verb Form (Subject-Verb Agreement)

• Sentence: One of the students in the class was working very well nowadays.
• Explanation:
  • "One" is a singular subject, so the verb must be singular.
  • "Is/are" is a present tense choice, while "had been/were" are incorrect because:
    • "Had been" is past perfect continuous (not needed here).
    • "Were" is plural (incorrect for "one").
  • "Was" is the correct choice.

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c) Appropriate Preposition

• Sentence: She always goes to school on foot.
• Explanation:
  • "On foot" is the correct idiomatic phrase meaning walking.
  • Other incorrect options:
    • "In foot" (does not exist).
    • "At foot" (wrong preposition).
    • "By foot" (less common; "on foot" is standard).

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d) Correct Modal Auxiliary (Deduction)

• Sentence: She might have finished the book that I provided. She was looking for another book in the library.
• Explanation:
  • The sentence suggests uncertainty about whether she finished the book.
  • "Must" implies strong certainty (She must have finished it—too strong here).
  • "May" is possible but less natural for past actions.
  • "Might" is the best choice for possibility in the past.
  • "Can't" is incorrect (it suggests impossibility, which contradicts the context).

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e) Future Perfect Tense (Time Reference)

• Sentence: By coming Bhadra, we will get our exam result.
• Explanation:
  • "By coming Bhadra" implies a future time (by the time Bhadra arrives).
  • The correct form is the future simple (will get), not:
    • "Will have got" (future perfect—incorrect because no duration is implied).
    • "Got" (simple past—incorrect for future events).

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f) Appropriate Connective (Contrast)

• Sentence: Despite her hard work, she couldn't get success.
• Explanation:
  • "Despite" introduces a contrast between effort and outcome.
  • Other possible connectives (but less natural here):
    • "Although" (Although she worked hard, she couldn't succeed.—requires a clause).
    • "In spite of" (In spite of her hard work...—correct but less concise).
  • "Despite" is the most concise and natural choice.

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i) Passive Voice Conversion

• Original: Experts estimate that 1.35 billion people speak English in the world.
• Passive: It is estimated by experts that 1.35 billion people speak English in the world.
• Explanation:
  • The passive voice emphasizes the action (estimation) rather than the doer (experts).
  • "Estimate" becomes "is estimated."
  • "By experts" clarifies the agent (optional but improves clarity).

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j) Indirect Speech Conversion

• Original: "Did you pay attention at that time?"
• Indirect: My sister asked me if I had paid attention at that time.
• Explanation:
  • Reported questions use "if/whether" + past perfect (had paid).
  • "Did" (past simple) → "had" (past perfect).
  • "Pay attention" remains the same, but tense shifts occur.
  • Time reference ("that time") is retained for clarity.

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Additional Notes for NEB Exam Preparation:

1. Adverbs vs. Adjectives:

   • Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (e.g., creatively, well, always).
   • Adjectives modify nouns (e.g., smart students).

2. Subject-Verb Agreement:

   • Singular subjects (one, each, every) take singular verbs (was, has).
   • Plural subjects (students, people) take plural verbs (were, have).

3. Prepositions of Movement/Location:

   • "On foot" = walking.
   • "By car/bus" = using a vehicle.
   • "At home" = location.
   • "In the morning" = time.

4. Modals for Deduction:

   • "Must" = strong certainty (She must have finished it.).
   • "Might/Could" = possibility (She might have finished it.).
   • "Can't" = impossibility (She can't have finished it—she was busy.).

5. Future Tenses:

   • Simple Future: will + base verb (will get).
   • Future Perfect: will have + past participle (will have got—used for completed actions before a future time, e.g., "By next year, I will have graduated.").

6. Connectives for Contrast:

   • "Despite/In spite of" + noun/gerund (Despite her efforts).
   • "Although/Even though" + clause (Although she tried, she failed).

7. Passive Voice Rules:

   • Active: Subject + verb + object.
   • Passive: Object + be (tense) + past participle + (by subject).
   • Example: Experts (subject) estimate (verb) the fact (object) → The fact is estimated by experts.

8. Indirect Speech Rules:

   • Statements: He said, "I am happy." → He said (that) he was happy.
   • Questions: She asked, "Do you know?" → She asked if I knew.
   • Commands: He told me, "Go!" → He told me to go.
   • Tense Shift: Present → Past; Past → Past Perfect.

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Common Mistakes to Avoid:

• Incorrect prepositions: "on foot" (not "in foot").
• Wrong modal choice: Using "must" when "might" is needed for uncertainty.
• Verb tense errors: Forgetting to shift tenses in indirect speech ("did" → "had").
• Subject-verb mismatch: "One of the students was" (not "were").
• Overcomplicating passive voice: Avoid unnecessary agents ("by experts" is optional but improves formality).