BiologyNEB 2076 (old course)

What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?

1

Answer

| **Feature**       | **Autotroph**                                                                 | **Heterotroph**                                                                 |
|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **Definition**    | Organisms that synthesize their own food from inorganic substances.         | Organisms that depend on external sources for food (cannot synthesize their own). |
| **Nutrition**     | **Autotrophic nutrition** (e.g., photosynthesis in plants, chemosynthesis in bacteria). | **Heterotrophic nutrition** (ingestion, absorption, or decomposition of organic matter). |
| **Energy Source** | Use sunlight (photoautotrophs) or inorganic chemicals (chemoautotrophs).     | Rely on organic compounds (e.g., glucose) for energy.                          |
| **Examples**      | Green plants, algae, cyanobacteria, some bacteria.                           | Animals, fungi, most bacteria, protozoa.                                        |
| **Carbon Source** | CO₂ (inorganic carbon).                                                      | Organic carbon (e.g., glucose, proteins).                                       |

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