Mention an important function of each of the following: i) DDT ii) Nitrogen fertilizer iii) tranquilizers iv) broad spectrum antibiotics.

i) DDT DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is primarily used as an insecticide , particularly effective against mosquitoes, flies, and other agricultural pests. Its key function is pest control , which helps reduce the spread of vector borne diseases like malaria and typhoid. It was widely used in public health programs to combat insect related epidemics. ii) Nitrogen fertilizer Nitrogen fertilizers (e.g., urea, ammonium nitrate) supply essential nitrogen to plants, promoting leafy growth, protein synthesis, and overall crop productivity . They address soil nitrogen deficiencies, improving agricultural yields and ensuring food security. Excessive use, however, can lead to environmental issues like eutrophication. iii) Tranquilizers Tranquilizers (e.g., diazepam, chlorpromazine) act as central nervous system depressants to reduce anxiety, stress, and agitation. Their primary function is to calm patients during medical procedures or treat mental health disorders like insomnia or acute anxiety. They are also used preoperatively to induce sedation. iv) Broad spectrum antibiotics Broad spectrum antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, chloramphenicol) target a wide range of bacteria , including Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens. Their key function is to treat bacterial infections effectively when the causative organism is unknown, reducing mortality from severe infections like pneumonia or sepsis. Overuse, however, contributes to antibiotic resistance.

Mention an important function of each of the following: i) DDT ii) Nitrogen fertilizer… – Chemistry NEB 2076 (old course) Solution

i) DDT DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is primarily used as an insecticide, particularly effective against mosquitoes, flies, and other agricultural pests. Its key function is pest control, which helps reduce the spread of vector-borne diseases like malaria and typhoid. It was widely used in public health programs to combat insect-related epidemics.

ii) Nitrogen fertilizer Nitrogen fertilizers (e.g., urea, ammonium nitrate) supply essential nitrogen to plants, promoting leafy growth, protein synthesis, and overall crop productivity. They address soil nitrogen deficiencies, improving agricultural yields and ensuring food security. Excessive use, however, can lead to environmental issues like eutrophication.

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Structure of UREA

iii) Tranquilizers Tranquilizers (e.g., diazepam, chlorpromazine) act as central nervous system depressants to reduce anxiety, stress, and agitation. Their primary function is to calm patients during medical procedures or treat mental health disorders like insomnia or acute anxiety. They are also used preoperatively to induce sedation.

iv) Broad-spectrum antibiotics Broad-spectrum antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, chloramphenicol) target a wide range of bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Their key function is to treat bacterial infections effectively when the causative organism is unknown, reducing mortality from severe infections like pneumonia or sepsis. Overuse, however, contributes to antibiotic resistance.

Mention an important function of each of the following: i) DDT ii) Nitrogen fertilizer iii) tranquilizers iv) broad spectrum antibiotics.

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