ChemistryNEB 2076 (old course)
State the first law of thermodynamics.
2Answer
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be converted from one form to another. Mathematically, it is expressed as:
where:
- = change in internal energy of the system,
- = heat added to the system (positive if absorbed, negative if released),
- = work done on the system (positive if work is done on the system, negative if work is done by the system).
This law is essentially a restatement of the law of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic processes. It establishes a relationship between the internal energy of a system and the heat and work interactions with its surroundings. The law applies to all types of energy transformations, whether in chemical reactions, physical changes, or mechanical processes.
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