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Phy Physics

PhysicsNEB 2080 (old course)

Answer, in brief, any one question : a. Explain with proper

2

Answer, in brief, any one question :

  • a. Explain with proper

Answer

· Based on the official syllabus and past papers
Updated
EnergyReaction progress H₂ + I₂ 2HI E_a ΔH = −9.4 kJ mol⁻¹ transition state
Energy profile of the reaction H₂ + I₂ → 2HI (exothermic, ΔH = −9.4 kJ/mol). Reactants start at higher energy, products at lower, with activation energy (E_a) s

a. Explain with proper diagram the formation of hydrogen iodide (HI) from hydrogen and iodine.

The formation of hydrogen iodide (HI) from hydrogen (H₂) and iodine (I₂) is an exothermic reaction, releasing 9.4 kJ/mol of energy. The reaction proceeds via a homolytic cleavage mechanism:

  1. Breaking bonds: H₂ and I₂ molecules absorb energy to break their covalent bonds, forming highly reactive hydrogen (H•) and iodine (I•) radicals.
  2. Radical formation: The radicals are short-lived and highly unstable.
  3. Formation of HI: The radicals combine to form two HI molecules, releasing excess energy as heat (ΔH = −9.4 kJ/mol).

The energy profile (shown above) illustrates the activation energy (Eₐ) required to initiate the reaction and the net release of energy upon product formation. The reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions due to the negative enthalpy change.

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