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Chem Chemistry

ChemistryNEB 2074 (old course) (grade increment)

How does Dalton's atomic theory explain the law of conservation of mass.

2

Answer

· Based on the official syllabus and past papers
Updated

Dalton’s atomic theory explains the law of conservation of mass through the following key points:

  1. Indivisibility of Atoms: Atoms are the smallest particles of matter and cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. They merely rearrange to form new substances.
  2. Fixed Composition: Compounds are formed by the combination of atoms in fixed ratios. For example, in water (), two hydrogen atoms always combine with one oxygen atom.
  3. Conservation in Reactions: During a chemical reaction, atoms are neither created nor destroyed; they are simply rearranged. Thus, the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.
    • Example: In the reaction , two moles of hydrogen (4 g) react with one mole of oxygen (32 g) to form two moles of water (36 g). The total mass remains constant (4 g + 32 g = 36 g).

This principle ensures that mass is conserved in all chemical processes.

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