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Chem Chemistry

ChemistryNEB 2074 (old course) (grade increment)

What is meant by allotropy ? Name the hardest allotrope of carbon and its use.

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Answer

· Based on the official syllabus and past papers
Updated

Allotropy refers to the phenomenon in which an element exists in different physical forms in the same state (solid, liquid, or gas) due to differences in their molecular arrangements. These different forms are called allotropes. Allotropes have distinct properties such as melting point, boiling point, density, and reactivity.

The hardest allotrope of carbon is diamond. It has a three-dimensional network of carbon atoms bonded tetrahedrally with strong covalent bonds, making it extremely hard and rigid. This structure gives diamond its high refractive index and thermal conductivity.

Use of diamond: Diamond is widely used in cutting, grinding, and drilling tools due to its hardness. It is also used in jewelry and as a heat sink in electronic devices. Additionally, synthetic diamonds are employed in high-pressure experiments and as abrasives.

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