IT243 Programming with Python
Programming with Python notes
10 chapter notes, in syllabus order. Each starts with the key points.
Unit 1
Python Basics: Syntax, IDEs, and First ProgramsUnit 1 of Programming with Python introduces the core concepts of Python programming, including its syntax, structure, and execution environment, along with setting up a Python development environment and writing simple programs.10 min readUnit 2
Data Types, Variables & Operators in PythonUnit 2 of Programming with Python covers fundamental building blocks—data types (numeric, boolean, sequence, mapping), variable assignment, type conversion, and operators (arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise)—with visual traces of operations and real-world applications in Nepalese tech (e.g., Khalti’s transaction 8 min readUnit 3
Control Flow: Loops, Conditions, and Decision-Making in PythonUnit 3 of Programming with Python covers conditional statements (if, elif, else), loops (for, while), and nested control structures, with real-world applications, algorithmic traces, and exam-focused problem-solving techniques.9 min readUnit 4
Functions, Modules, Recursion & Scope in PythonUnit 4 of Programming with Python covers defining and calling functions, parameter passing (pass-by-value vs. pass-by-object-reference), recursion, modules, and scope rules (LEGB), with real-world examples from Nepalese apps like eSewa and Daraz, and visual traces of function execution.5 min readUnit 5
Strings, Lists, Tuples, Sets, Dictionaries: Python CollectionsUnit 5 of Programming with Python covers Python’s built-in data structures—strings (immutable sequences), lists (dynamic arrays), tuples (fixed sequences), sets (unique elements), and dictionaries (key-value pairs)—explaining their syntax, operations, use cases, and performance trade-offs, with real-world examples from8 min readUnit 6
File Handling, Exceptions & Error Management in PythonUnit 6 of Programming with Python covers reading/writing files (text/binary), exception handling (try-except), and debugging techniques—essential for building robust programs that interact with external data or handle runtime errors gracefully.8 min readUnit 7
OOP in Python: Classes, Objects, Inheritance, Polymorphism & EncapsulationUnit 7 of Programming with Python covers object-oriented programming (OOP) principles in Python, including classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction, with real-world applications and exam-focused examples.12 min readUnit 8
Databases in Python: SQL, ORM, CRUD, Transactions & NoSQLUnit 8 of Programming with Python covers database integration in Python, including SQL vs. NoSQL databases, CRUD operations, transactions, error handling, and ORM tools like SQLAlchemy. It also introduces database design principles, indexing, and real-world applications in web apps and data management.15 min readUnit 9
NumPy & Pandas: Arrays, DataFrames & AnalysisUnit 9 of Programming with Python covers NumPy for numerical computing (arrays, operations, broadcasting) and Pandas for data analysis (Series, DataFrames, indexing, merging, time-series). Learn how to clean, transform, and visualize real-world datasets like stock prices or customer transactions.12 min readUnit 10
Web & GUI Programming: Tkinter, Web Basics, APIs, Flask, HTML/CSSUnit 10 of Programming with Python covers building interactive user interfaces (GUIs) with Tkinter, creating web pages with HTML/CSS, connecting to web APIs, and developing lightweight web apps with Flask—essential skills for modern software development.12 min read