Explain the types of memory.

Memory is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information. It is classified into three main types:

1. Sensory Memory

   • Brief retention of sensory information (e.g., visual, auditory).
   • Lasts only a few seconds.
   • Example: Seeing a flash of light or hearing a sudden noise.

2. Short-Term Memory (STM)

   • Holds information temporarily (up to 30 seconds).
   • Limited capacity (about 7±2 items).
   • Example: Remembering a phone number long enough to dial it.

3. Long-Term Memory (LTM)

   • Stores information permanently or for a long duration.
   • Unlimited capacity.
   • Example: Remembering your name, birthdate, or historical facts.

These types work together to help us process and retain information effectively.