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Tribhuvan University

BSc CSITBachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information TechnologyBCABachelor of Computer ApplicationBITBachelor of Information TechnologyBIMBachelor of Information ManagementBBABachelor of Business AdministrationBBSBachelor of Business StudiesBBMBachelor of Business ManagementBITMBachelor of Information Technology Management

Pokhara University

BE Computer (PU)Bachelor of Engineering in Computer EngineeringBBA (PU)Bachelor of Business Administration (Pokhara University)

National Examinations Board (+2)

Class 10Class 10 (SEE)+2 Science+2 Science (Class 11 and 12)+2 Management+2 Management (Class 11 and 12)+2 Humanities+2 Humanities (Class 11 and 12)
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Elective Essentials of Finance

Essentials of Finance notes

8 chapter notes, in syllabus order. Each starts with the key points.

Unit 1

Finance: Definitions, Scope, Goals & FunctionsUnit 1 of Essentials of Finance defines finance as a discipline, explains its scope (personal, corporate, public), core goals (profitability, liquidity, efficiency), and key functions (investment, financing, dividend decisions). It contrasts finance with accounting and economics, and illustrates real-world applications8 min read

Unit 2

Financial System & Markets: Types, Functions & RolesUnit 2 of Essentials of Finance explains the structure of financial systems (money, capital, foreign exchange markets), their key players (banks, NEPSE, NIBL), how markets function (auction vs. dealer), and Nepal’s regulatory framework (NIBOR, SEBON, Rastra Bank). Includes real-world examples from eSewa, Ncell, and Dar13 min read

Unit 3

Financial Institutions in Nepal: Types, Roles & Case StudiesUnit 3 of Essentials of Finance explores Nepal’s financial institutions—banks, NBFIs, insurance companies, and capital market intermediaries—how they operate, their regulatory framework, and real-world applications in Nepal’s economy (e.g., Ncell’s mobile banking, NEPSE’s stock trading). Includes comparative analysis, 20 min read

Unit 4

Time Value of Money: Concepts, Calculations & ApplicationsUnit 4 of Essentials of Finance explores why money today is worth more than tomorrow, how to calculate future and present values, and how interest rates and compounding affect financial decisions—with real-world examples from Nepali businesses and global tech.8 min read

Unit 5

Interest Rates: Types, Determinants, and ApplicationsUnit 5 of Essentials of Finance explores the core concepts of interest rates—how they are determined, their types (nominal, real, effective), and their role in financial decisions, with real-world examples from Nepali banks, NEPSE, and eSewa loans.16 min read

Unit 6

Risk and Return · note coming

Unit 7

Bond Valuation: Pricing, Yields, and Risk AnalysisUnit 7 of Essentials of Finance explains how to value bonds using present value techniques, calculate yields (current, yield-to-maturity), and analyze bond risk (interest rate, default, reinvestment). Includes real-world examples from NEPSE-listed companies and Nepali financial instruments.14 min read

Unit 8

Valuation of Stocks · note coming

Unit 9

Financial Statements: Types, Analysis & PreparationUnit 9 of Essentials of Finance covers the four core financial statements (Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement, Statement of Changes in Equity), their purpose, structure, and interrelationships, along with ratios, limitations, and real-world applications in Nepali businesses like banks, retail shops, a19 min read

Unit 10

Personal Finance: Budgeting, Saving, Investing & Risk ManagementUnit 10 of Essentials of Finance covers the core principles of personal finance—budgeting techniques, saving strategies, investment options (fixed deposits, mutual funds, stocks), insurance types (life, health, property), retirement planning, and tax optimization—with Nepali examples like NMB Bank’s fixed deposits, NEP14 min read