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Tribhuvan University

BSc CSITBachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information TechnologyBCABachelor of Computer ApplicationBITBachelor of Information TechnologyBIMBachelor of Information ManagementBBABachelor of Business AdministrationBBSBachelor of Business StudiesBBMBachelor of Business ManagementBITMBachelor of Information Technology Management

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BE Computer (PU)Bachelor of Engineering in Computer EngineeringBBA (PU)Bachelor of Business Administration (Pokhara University)

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CMP424 Cloud Computing and Virtualization

Cloud Computing and Virtualization notes

10 chapter notes, in syllabus order. Each starts with the key points.

Unit 1

Cloud Computing Basics: Definitions, Models, and Real-World ImpactUnit 1 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization introduces the core concepts of cloud computing—its definition, essential characteristics, service and deployment models, and how it revolutionizes IT infrastructure. This note covers the evolution of cloud computing, its key advantages, and real-world applications in Nepal 11 min read

Unit 2

Cloud Service & Deployment Models: Types, Comparisons & Real-World UseUnit 2 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores the three cloud service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) and four deployment models (public, private, hybrid, community), their architectures, real-world applications in Nepali and global tech, and how to choose between them for cost, security, and scalability.20 min read

Unit 3

Virtualization: Types, Techniques & Real-World ImpactUnit 3 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores the core concept of virtualization—how hardware, software, and network resources are abstracted and shared efficiently. This note covers types of virtualization (hardware, OS, application, storage, network), how virtual machines (VMs) work, resource pooling, isolati11 min read

Unit 4

Hypervisors: Types, Functions & ArchitectureUnit 4 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores hypervisors—the backbone of virtualization—covering their types (Type-1 vs. Type-2), core functions (resource allocation, isolation, scheduling), architecture (microkernel vs. monolithic), and real-world implementations like VMware ESXi and Microsoft Hyper-V. Includ11 min read

Unit 5

Server, Storage & Network Virtualization: Concepts, Techniques & Real-World UseUnit 5 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores how cloud providers abstract physical hardware into virtual resources—servers, storage, and networks—to enable scalability, efficiency, and multi-tenancy. This note covers server virtualization (VMs, hypervisors), storage virtualization (SAN, NAS, object storage), n10 min read

Unit 6

Containers, Docker, and Microservices: Isolation, Packaging, and OrchestrationUnit 6 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores how containers encapsulate applications with their dependencies, how Docker revolutionizes deployment, and how container orchestration (e.g., Kubernetes) manages distributed systems at scale. This note covers container architecture, Docker commands, container vs. VM8 min read

Unit 7

Container Orchestration: Scheduling, Scaling & KubernetesUnit 7 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores how container orchestration automates deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications, with a focus on Kubernetes architecture, scheduling algorithms, and real-world use cases like microservices in eSewa or Daraz.14 min read

Unit 8

Cloud Storage: Models, Services, and TechnologiesUnit 8 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores cloud storage architectures, including object, block, and file storage models, storage-as-a-service (STaaS), data lifecycle management, and real-world implementations like AWS S3, Google Cloud Storage, and NEPSE’s data repositories. It covers encryption, redundancy,11 min read

Unit 9

Cloud Security: Threats, Controls, Compliance & Real-World CasesUnit 9 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores cloud-specific security threats (DDoS, data leaks, insider attacks), defense mechanisms (encryption, IAM, zero trust), compliance frameworks (ISO 27001, GDPR), and real-world breaches like the 2022 Ncell data leak. Learn how companies like eSewa and banks secure tra15 min read

Unit 10

Cloud Platforms & Case Studies: AWS, Azure, GCP, Hybrid CloudsUnit 10 of Cloud Computing and Virtualization explores real-world cloud platforms (AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud), their architectures, pricing models, and case studies like Ncell’s migration to AWS and Daraz’s hybrid cloud. It compares public, private, and hybrid clouds, analyzes cost-benefit tradeoffs, and exami13 min read