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Tribhuvan University

BSc CSITBachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information TechnologyBCABachelor of Computer ApplicationBITBachelor of Information TechnologyBIMBachelor of Information ManagementBBABachelor of Business AdministrationBBSBachelor of Business StudiesBBMBachelor of Business ManagementBITMBachelor of Information Technology Management

Pokhara University

BE Computer (PU)Bachelor of Engineering in Computer EngineeringBBA (PU)Bachelor of Business Administration (Pokhara University)

National Examinations Board (+2)

Class 10Class 10 (SEE)+2 Science+2 Science (Class 11 and 12)+2 Management+2 Management (Class 11 and 12)+2 Humanities+2 Humanities (Class 11 and 12)
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BIT355 Geographical Information System

Geographical Information System notes

5 chapter notes, in syllabus order. Each starts with the key points.

Unit 1 · 5 hrs

GIS Basics: Definitions, Components & ApplicationsUnit 1 of Geographical Information System introduces the core concepts of GIS, including its definition, key components (data, hardware, software, people), and fundamental principles like spatial data, layers, and real-world applications in Nepal and globally.14 min read

Unit 2 · 8 hrs

Vector vs. Raster Data: Representing the Real World in GISUnit 2 of Geographical Information System explores how real-world features are digitally mapped using vector (points, lines, polygons) and raster (grid cells) data models, their structures, applications, and trade-offs, with real-world examples from Nepal and global tech.15 min read

Unit 3 · 8 hrs

Data Acquisition Techniques in GIS · note coming

Unit 4 · 6 hrs

Map Projections & Coordinate Systems: Types, Math & ApplicationsUnit 4 of Geographical Information System explores how Earth’s curved surface is mathematically flattened into 2D maps (projections) and how coordinate systems (lat/long, UTM, etc.) enable precise location tracking—critical for GPS, land surveys, and digital mapping.10 min read

Unit 5 · 7 hrs

Vector Data Analysis: Topology, Overlay, Network & Buffer TechniquesUnit 5 of Geographical Information System explores how vector data (points, lines, polygons) are analyzed in GIS using topological operations, spatial overlays, network analysis, and buffer techniques—essential for real-world applications like route optimization, land-use planning, and disaster management.7 min read

Unit 6 · 7 hrs

Raster Data Analysis: Techniques, Operations & ApplicationsUnit 6 of Geographical Information System covers raster data models, core analysis techniques (local, neighborhood, zonal, global), and real-world applications in environmental monitoring, urban planning, and disaster management—with hands-on examples using QGIS and open-source tools.11 min read

Unit 7 · 4 hrs

Open GIS and Applications · note coming