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Tribhuvan University

BSc CSITBachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information TechnologyBCABachelor of Computer ApplicationBITBachelor of Information TechnologyBIMBachelor of Information ManagementBBABachelor of Business AdministrationBBSBachelor of Business StudiesBBMBachelor of Business ManagementBITMBachelor of Information Technology Management

Pokhara University

BE Computer (PU)Bachelor of Engineering in Computer EngineeringBBA (PU)Bachelor of Business Administration (Pokhara University)

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Class 10Class 10 (SEE)+2 Science+2 Science (Class 11 and 12)+2 Management+2 Management (Class 11 and 12)+2 Humanities+2 Humanities (Class 11 and 12)
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Elective Embedded Systems Programming

Embedded Systems Programming notes

7 chapter notes, in syllabus order. Each starts with the key points.

Unit 1 · 4 hrs

ARM Embedded Systems: Architecture & ApplicationsUnit 1 of Embedded Systems Programming introduces ARM architecture, its role in embedded systems, key components (CPU, memory hierarchy, peripherals), and real-world applications in Nepal and globally.8 min read

Unit 2 · 4 hrs

ARM Processor: Core Architecture, Registers, Memory Map & Bus InterfacesUnit 2 of Embedded Systems Programming covers the foundational building blocks of ARM processors: its core architecture (Harvard vs. von Neumann), register set (general-purpose, special-purpose, and status registers), memory hierarchy (SRAM, Flash, peripherals), and bus interfaces (AMBA AHB/APB). Students learn how dat9 min read

Unit 3 · 8 hrs

ARM Instruction Set: Data Processing, Branches, and Control FlowUnit 3 of Embedded Systems Programming covers the foundational ARM instruction set, including data processing instructions (load/store, arithmetic, logical), branch instructions (conditional/unconditional), and control flow mechanisms. Students learn how to manipulate data, make decisions, and optimize code for ARM pro8 min read

Unit 4 · 8 hrs

ARM Thumb Instruction Set: Compact Coding for EfficiencyUnit 4 of Embedded Systems Programming: explores the ARM Thumb instruction set, its 16-bit compact encoding, conditional execution, and optimizations for low-power and high-performance embedded applications, with practical examples and code traces.12 min read

Unit 5 · 8 hrs

Efficient C for ARM: Optimizations & ConstraintsUnit 5 of Embedded Systems Programming covers memory-efficient C coding for ARM, register usage, bit manipulation, inline assembly, and compiler optimizations, with real-world constraints like limited RAM/ROM and power budgets.6 min read

Unit 6 · 8 hrs

ARM Assembly: Code Optimization & EfficiencyUnit 6 of Embedded Systems Programming: This unit teaches ARM assembly language syntax, optimization techniques (register usage, pipelining, branch prediction), and how to write efficient low-level code for resource-constrained embedded systems.8 min read

Unit 7 · 5 hrs

Firmware & Embedded OS: Bootloaders, RTOS, and Real-Time ControlUnit 7 of Embedded Systems Programming: explores firmware design, bootloaders, real-time operating systems (RTOS), scheduling, and embedded OS architectures, with practical insights into how they power devices from smartwatches to industrial controllers.13 min read